Three or more authors
Format for in-text citation
In-text citation example
In a major study, (Fukao et al. 769) found that …
Fukao et al. (769) have argued that …
Format for reference list
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
First Author, et al. “Title of Article.” Journal Name, vol., no., Publication Date, page(s).
Reference list example
Fukao, S., et al. "First VHF radar observation of midlatitude F-region field-aligned irregularities." Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 15, no. 8, 1988, pp. 768-771.
Style notes for this reference type
Elements of citation:
- First author’s name (inverted, followed by et al.).
- Title of the article (in quotation marks).
- Name of the periodical (italicised),
- Volume number (vol.),
- Issue number if available (no.),
- Publication date,
- Page numbers (p., pp.).
See Handbook
- For works with three or more authors, invert the first author’s name, and follow it with a comma followed by et al. (and others) (5.8).
- Issues of scholarly journals are written as “vol. 64, no. 1” rather than “64.1” (5.77-5.79).
- If an issue of a scholarly journal is dated with a month or season, the month or season is cited along with the year (5.77).
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