Journal
You may need to consult more than one section to accurately represent the source used (eg. number of authors and source descriptions)
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One author
Format for footnotes
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Author, 'Article Title' (Year) Volume(Issue) Journal Title Starting Page.
Example
Harold Luntz, 'A Personal Journey through the Law of Torts' (2005) 27(3) Sydney Law Review 393.
Format for bibliography
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Author, ‘Article Title’ (Year) Volume(Issue) Journal Title Starting Page
Example
Luntz, Harold, 'A Personal Journey through the Law of Torts' (2005) 27(3) Sydney Law Review 393
Style notes for this reference type
- Names of authors should appear in accordance with rule 4.1. The author’s name must include a comma after it
- Article titles should appear in accordance with rule 4.2. The article title should appear within single quotes and should not be italicised
- For journals organised by volume number, the year of publication should appear in parentheses (round brackets)
- Both the volume and issue number should be included, with the issue number following the volume number in parentheses
- The full title of the journal should be italicised, 'the' should not be included at the start of the journal title
- The starting page is the number of the first page of an article, this should follow the title of the journal
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Two or three authors
Format for footnotes
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Authors, 'Article Title' (Year) Volume(Issue) Journal Title Starting Page.
Example
Christine Eastwood, Sally Kift and Rachael Grace, 'Attrition in Child Sexual Assault Cases: Why Lord Chief Justice Hale Got It Wrong' (2006) 16(2) Journal of Judicial Administration 81.
Format for bibliography
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Authors, ‘Article Title’ (Year) Volume(Issue) Journal Title Starting Page
Example
Eastwood, Christine, Sally Kift and Rachael Grace, 'Attrition in Child Sexual Assault Cases: Why Lord Chief Justice Hale Got It Wrong' (2006) 16(2) Journal of Judicial Administration 81
Style notes for this reference style
- Where there are two or three authors, the names of all authors should appear and the word 'and' should separate the names of the last two authors.
- Names of authors should appear in accordance with rule 4.1. The author’s name must include a comma after it
- Article titles should appear in accordance with rule 4.2. The article title should appear within single quotes and should not be italicised
- For journals organised by volume number, the year of publication should appear in parentheses (round brackets)
- Both the volume and issue number should be included, with the issue number following the volume number in parentheses
- The full title of the journal should be italicised, 'the' should not be included at the start of the journal title
- The starting page is the number of the first page of an article, this should follow the title of the journal
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More than three authors
Format for footnotes
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Authors, 'Title of Article' (Year of Publication) Volume (Issue) Journal Title Starting Page.
Example
Richard Mitchell et al, 'Shareholder Protection in Australia: Institutional Configurations and Regulatory Evolution' (2014) 38(1) Melbourne University Law Review 68.
Format for bibliography
Elements, punctuation & capitalisation
Authors, ‘Title of Article’ (Year of Publication) Volume(Issue) Journal Title Starting page
Example
Mitchell, Richard et al, 'Shareholder Protection in Australia: Institutional Configurations and Regulatory Evolution' (2014) 38(1) Melbourne University Law Review 68
Style notes for this reference type
- Where there are more than three authors, the name of the author appearing first on the source should be included followed by 'et al'
- Names of authors should appear in accordance with rule 4.1. The author’s name must include a comma after it
- Article titles should appear in accordance with rule 4.2. The article title should appear within single quotes and should not be italicised
- For journals organised by volume number, the year of publication should appear in parentheses (round brackets)
- Both the volume and issue number should be included, with the issue number following the volume number in parentheses
- The full title of the journal should be italicised, 'the' should not be included at the start of the journal title
- The starting page is the number of the first page of an article, this should follow the title of the journal
Before selecting a referencing style check with your tutor, lecturer or supervisor for the style preferred by the School or Department.
Introduction to the style
The following style notes provide a brief introduction to the Australian Guide to Legal Citation, 4th Edition (AGLC 4). AGLC is commonly used as the legal citation standard in Australia.
AGLC 4 is a footnote referencing system.
AGLC 4 is divided into five parts:
- Part 1: General rules (covering topics such as how to deal with subsequent references (rule 1.4) quotations (rule 1.5), and punctuation (rule 1.6)
- Part 2: Domestic sources (cases in chapter 2, legislation in chapter 3)
- Part 3: Secondary sources (such as general rules for citing secondary sources in chapter 4 and discussed below, journal articles in chapter 5, books in chapter 6, and more).
- Part 4: International materials
- Part 5: Foreign domestic materials (citing the laws of selected countries other than Australia)
Access to the full style manual
This guide is based on the Australian Guide to Legal Citation, 4th Edition by Melbourne University Law Review Association and Melbourne Journal of International Law.
The full style manual is available as a free digital PDF copy. Print copies are available from the University of Melbourne library. Consult the official manual for more information.
General rules
Pay close attention to the general rules in part 1 and the general rules for citing secondary sources at the start of part 3. Many of the general rules found in these parts are cross-referenced in rules for citing specific sources. For example, the general rules for citing secondary sources in chapter 4 cover:
- rules about citing authors’ and editors’ names including how to deal with post-nominals and honorific titles;
how to cite multiple authors; - publications authored by a body such as a government department or non-governmental organisation;
- citing judicial officers and former judicial officers, citing judges written judgments (curially), and citing judges writing in publications such as law reviews (extra-curially)
- how to cite titles, including punctuation, capitalisation, subtitles and italicisation, and rules for short titles;
- the inclusion of URLs and archived URLs using permalink
Rule 1.13 provides the rules for bibliographies. Where a bibliography is required it should list all sources that were relied upon, not only those referred to in the text and footnotes. Rule 1.13 also includes a suggestion of how to organise your bibliography according to source type.
Abbreviations
Information about law report abbreviations, Australian Medium Neutral Citations and pinpoint abbreviations are included as appendices in the print edition. Acceptable abbreviations in the reference list include:
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