Book

You may need to consult more than one section to accurately represent the source used (eg. number of authors and source descriptions)

Format for in-text citation

In-text citation example

Hassan (2004) has argued that…

OR

In a major study (Hassan, 2004), it was found that…

OR

In his major study Hassan (2004, pp. 20–23) discusses the network society.


Format for reference list

Elements, punctuation and capitalisation

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Reference list example

Hassan, R. (2004). Media, politics and the network society. Open University Press.

OR

Castells, M. (2000). End of millennium (2nd ed.). Blackwell.

Make sure you read the style notes below


Reference list style notes

  • APA 7 Publication Manual, pp. 295, 321-325
  • Book titles are italicised.
  • Capitalise only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns.
  • Details about edition, volume number or chapter page range are placed in parentheses directly after the title, with the period after the parentheses, e.g., (2nd ed.). or (Rev. ed.). or (Vol. xvi).
  • In the in-text citation, if pages are being directly referenced, include the page number/s after the year.
  • The name of the publisher is provided in the source element of books. The source for a print book without a DOI has one part: the book publisher. Do not include the publisher location in the reference.
  • When the author and publisher of a book are the same, the publisher is omitted from the source element.
  • Do not abbreviate the publisher name unless it is shown in abbreviated form on the work.
  • The format of publisher names may vary over time. It is not necessary to standardise the publisher's name if it appears in multiple entries in the reference list.
  • Do not include designations of business structure in the publisher name.
  • If two or more publishers are listed in the copyright page, include all of them in the order shown, separated by semicolons.
  • Finish the publisher information of the source element with a period, followed by a DOI or URL as applicable.

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